1,3-Butanediol

1Identification

Name

1,3-Butanediol

IUPAC name

butane-1,3-diol

CAS number

107-88-0

EC number

203-529-7

Molecular formula

C4H10O2

Molecular weight

90.12 g/mol

InChIKey

PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

CC(CCO)O

PubChem CID

7896

Synonyms

1,3-BUTANEDIOL, Butane-1,3-diol, 1,3-Butylene glycol, Butylene glycol, 1,3-Dihydroxybutane, beta-Butylene glycol, Methyltrimethylene glycol, 1-Methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,3 Butylene glycol, 1,3-Butandiol, (RS)-1,3-Butandiol, 1,3-Butylenglykol, Herbal Moxibustion, Chinese medicine patch

Recommended uses

• CIR ingredient: Butylene Glycol
  Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
• Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of polyester plasticizers; as a humectant for cellophane and tobacco; in polyurethanes and special polyester resins; in surface active agents; as a coupling agent; as a solvent; as a food additive and flavoring; in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries as a glycerin substitute; for deicing of aircraft; [HSDB]
  Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
• For 1,3-butanediol (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 042205) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Solvent Monomers Adhesion/cohesion promoter Intermediate
  EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
• Solvent Adhesion/cohesion promoter
  EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)

Use categories: EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Solvents · Safer Chemical Classes -> Green circle - The chemical has been verified to be of low concern · Fragrance Ingredients · Food Additives -> CARRIER_SOLVENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Description

• Butane-1,3-diol is a butanediol compound having two hydroxy groups in the 1- and 3-positions. It is a glycol and a butanediol.
  ChEBI
• 1,3-Butanediol is found in pepper (c. annuum). 1,3-Butanediol is a solvent for flavouring agents 1,3-Butanediol is an organic chemical, an alcohol. It is commonly used as a solvent for food flavouring agents and is a co-monomer used in certain polyurethane and polyester resins. It is one of four stable isomers of butanediol. In biology, 1,3-butanediol is used as a hypoglycaemic agent. 1,3-Butanediol belongs to the family of Secondary Alcohols. These are compounds containing a secondary alcohol functional group, with the general structure HOC(R)(R') (R,R'=alkyl, aryl).
  Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
• RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation
  Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

2Hazard identification

Signal word

Warning

Pictograms

GHS02

Classification source

European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)

Precautionary statements

NFPA 704 rating

• 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• 1 - Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Materials require considerable preheating, under all ambient temperature conditions, before ignition and combustion can occur.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Fire hazards

• Combustible.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Hazards summary

• Toxic if ingest large amounts; [CHRIS] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; [ICSC] An efficient antimicrobial agent, inhibiting gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, molds, and yeasts. [HSDB] A mild irritant; [MSDSonline]
  Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

3Composition / information on ingredients

This page describes the pure substance. Commercial products may be solutions or mixtures. Check Section 3 of your supplier's SDS for concentrations and other ingredients.

4First-aid measures

Not available in the public sources we compile. Check Section 4 of the supplier's SDS.

Symptoms of exposure

• Cough.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
• Redness.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
• Stinging sensation. Redness.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

5Fire-fighting measures

• Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for fighting if necessary.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• To fight fire, use foam, alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Hazardous combustion products

• Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture: carbon oxides.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

6Accidental release measures

Spill cleanup

• Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
• Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous wast. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist, or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Do not let product enter drains.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

7Handling and storage

Not available in the public sources we compile. Check Section 7 of the supplier's SDS.

8Exposure controls / personal protection

No occupational exposure limits found in our sources.

Personal protective equipment

• Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166 (EU).
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Handle with gloves.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Body protection: impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Respiratory Protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

9Physical and chemical properties

10Stability and reactivity

Incompatible materials and hazardous reactions

• Incompatible with oxidizing materials.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

11Toxicological information

Routes of exposure

• The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Short-term exposure effects

• The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Carcinogen classification

• No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
  Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

12Ecological information

Environmental fate

• 1,3-Butanediol's production and use mainly as a component of special polyester resins, a component of polyurethane, surface-active agents and plasticizers, and as an humectant, coupling agent, solvent, food additive and flavoring may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Its former use as an aircraft de-icing agent resulted in its direct release to the environment. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 0.02 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 1,3-butanediol will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,3-butanediol will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals;
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Ecotoxicity

• EC50; Species: Lemna gibba (Inflated Duckweed); Conditions: freshwater, static, 27.5 °C; Concentration: 113.78 mM for 7 days; Effect: decreased population, inhibition of frond growth /formulation/
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

13Disposal considerations

• SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

14Transport information

Not available in the public sources we compile. Check Section 14 of the supplier's SDS.

How DOT hazard classes work →

15Regulatory information

• This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. 1,3-Butylene glycol is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer safety standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• 1,3-Butanediol is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Overview of SDS regulations (OSHA HazCom, WHMIS, REACH/CLP) →

16Other information

Compiled from PubChem CID 7896 and the sources it aggregates (attributed inline). Data retrieved 2026-10-12. This summary describes the pure substance and is not a supplier SDS.